Python3 start learning first commands
So, if you just start learning Python 3, where are some tips to help you start.
Assume you already installed Python 3 and is worked properly, here is simple commands to start.
import this in Python 3¶
Start the python3 then type import this, and you should get the output below.
Basically is a "best practices" for coding.
import this
The Zen of Python, by Tim Peters
Beautiful is better than ugly.
Explicit is better than implicit.
Simple is better than complex.
Complex is better than complicated.
Flat is better than nested.
Sparse is better than dense.
Readability counts.
Special cases aren't special enough to break the rules.
Although practicality beats purity.
Errors should never pass silently.
Unless explicitly silenced.
In the face of ambiguity, refuse the temptation to guess.
There should be one-- and preferably only one --obvious way to do it.
Although that way may not be obvious at first unless you're Dutch.
Now is better than never.
Although never is often better than *right* now.
If the implementation is hard to explain, it's a bad idea.
If the implementation is easy to explain, it may be a good idea.
Namespaces are one honking great idea -- let's do more of those!
ask for help in Python 3¶
The help() command will be like a manual and samples commands
help()
Welcome to Python 3.8's help utility!
If this is your first time using Python, you should definitely check out
the tutorial on the Internet at https://docs.python.org/3.8/tutorial/.
Enter the name of any module, keyword, or topic to get help on writing
Python programs and using Python modules. To quit this help utility and
return to the interpreter, just type "quit".
To get a list of available modules, keywords, symbols, or topics, type
"modules", "keywords", "symbols", or "topics". Each module also comes
with a one-line summary of what it does; to list the modules whose name
or summary contain a given string such as "spam", type "modules spam".
List available modules in Python 3 with help command¶
After executing help(), simply type modules.
help> modules
Please wait a moment while I gather a list of all available modules...
IPython _tracemalloc gzip secrets
__future__ _uuid hashlib select
_abc _warnings heapq selectors
_ast _weakref hmac shelve
_asyncio _weakrefset html shlex
_bisect _xxsubinterpreters http shutil
_blake2 _xxtestfuzz imaplib signal
_bootlocale abc imghdr site
_bz2 aifc imp sitecustomize
_codecs antigravity importlib six
_codecs_cn argparse inspect smtpd
_codecs_hk array io smtplib
_codecs_iso2022 ast ipaddress sndhdr
_codecs_jp asynchat ipython_genutils socket
_codecs_kr asyncio itertools socketserver
_codecs_tw asyncore jedi spwd
_collections atexit json sqlite3
_collections_abc audioop keyword sre_compile
_compat_pickle autoreload linecache sre_constants
_compression backcall locale sre_parse
_contextvars base64 logging ssl
_crypt bdb lzma stat
_csv binascii mailbox statistics
_ctypes binhex mailcap storemagic
_ctypes_test bisect marshal string
_curses builtins math stringprep
_curses_panel bz2 mimetypes struct
_datetime cProfile mmap subprocess
_dbm calendar modulefinder sunau
_decimal cgi multiprocessing symbol
_dummy_thread cgitb netrc sympyprinting
_elementtree chunk nis symtable
_functools cmath nntplib sys
_hashlib cmd ntpath sysconfig
_heapq code nturl2path syslog
_imp codecs numbers tabnanny
_io codeop opcode tarfile
_json collections operator telnetlib
_locale colorsys optparse tempfile
_lsprof compileall os termios
_lzma concurrent ossaudiodev test
_markupbase configparser parser tests
_md5 contextlib parso textwrap
_multibytecodec contextvars pathlib this
_multiprocessing copy pdb threading
_opcode copyreg pexpect time
_operator crypt pickle timeit
_osx_support csv pickleshare token
_pickle ctypes pickletools tokenize
_posixshmem curses pipes trace
_posixsubprocess cythonmagic pkg_resources traceback
_py_abc dataclasses pkgutil tracemalloc
_pydecimal datetime platform traitlets
_pyio dbm plistlib tty
_queue decimal poplib turtle
_random decorator posix types
_sha1 difflib posixpath typing
_sha256 dis pprint unicodedata
_sha3 distutils profile unittest
_sha512 doctest prompt_toolkit urllib
_signal dummy_threading pstats uu
_sitebuiltins email pty uuid
_socket encodings ptyprocess venv
_sqlite3 enum pwd warnings
_sre errno py_compile wave
_ssl faulthandler pyclbr wcwidth
_stat fcntl pydoc weakref
_statistics filecmp pydoc_data webbrowser
_string fileinput pyexpat wsgiref
_strptime fnmatch pygments xdrlib
_struct formatter queue xml
_symtable fractions quopri xmlrpc
_sysconfigdata__linux_x86_64-linux-gnu ftplib random xxlimited
_sysconfigdata__x86_64-linux-gnu functools re xxsubtype
_testbuffer gc readline zipapp
_testcapi genericpath reprlib zipfile
_testimportmultiple getopt resource zipimport
_testinternalcapi getpass rlcompleter zlib
_testmultiphase gettext rmagic
_thread glob runpy
_threading_local grp sched
Enter any module name to get more help. Or, type "modules spam" to search
for modules whose name or summary contain the string "spam".
help>
List available TOPICS in Python 3 with help command¶
help> topics
Here is a list of available topics. Enter any topic name to get more help.
ASSERTION DELETION LOOPING SHIFTING
ASSIGNMENT DICTIONARIES MAPPINGMETHODS SLICINGS
ATTRIBUTEMETHODS DICTIONARYLITERALS MAPPINGS SPECIALATTRIBUTES
ATTRIBUTES DYNAMICFEATURES METHODS SPECIALIDENTIFIERS
AUGMENTEDASSIGNMENT ELLIPSIS MODULES SPECIALMETHODS
BASICMETHODS EXCEPTIONS NAMESPACES STRINGMETHODS
BINARY EXECUTION NONE STRINGS
BITWISE EXPRESSIONS NUMBERMETHODS SUBSCRIPTS
BOOLEAN FLOAT NUMBERS TRACEBACKS
CALLABLEMETHODS FORMATTING OBJECTS TRUTHVALUE
CALLS FRAMEOBJECTS OPERATORS TUPLELITERALS
CLASSES FRAMES PACKAGES TUPLES
CODEOBJECTS FUNCTIONS POWER TYPEOBJECTS
COMPARISON IDENTIFIERS PRECEDENCE TYPES
COMPLEX IMPORTING PRIVATENAMES UNARY
CONDITIONAL INTEGER RETURNING UNICODE
CONTEXTMANAGERS LISTLITERALS SCOPING
CONVERSIONS LISTS SEQUENCEMETHODS
DEBUGGING LITERALS SEQUENCES
help>
ask for help on a specific module¶
help> http
Help on package http:
NAME
http
MODULE REFERENCE
https://docs.python.org/3.8/library/http
The following documentation is automatically generated from the Python
source files. It may be incomplete, incorrect or include features that
are considered implementation detail and may vary between Python
implementations. When in doubt, consult the module reference at the
location listed above.
PACKAGE CONTENTS
client
cookiejar
cookies
server
CLASSES
enum.IntEnum(builtins.int, enum.Enum)
HTTPStatus
(....)
you get the idea...
use dir in Python 3 to see what is available on the module¶
import http
dir(http)
['HTTPStatus',
'IntEnum',
'__all__',
'__builtins__',
'__cached__',
'__doc__',
'__file__',
'__loader__',
'__name__',
'__package__',
'__path__',
'__spec__',
'client']
use type to confirm the type of variable¶
var1 = 'a'
var2 = 1
var3 = ('a','b','c')
var4 = ['a','b','c']
var5={'Website':'AntonioFeijao.com','LinkedIn':'AntonioFeijaoUK'}
type(var1)
str
type(var2)
int
type(var3)
tuple
type(var4)
list
type(var5)
dict
Conclusion¶
On this page I mentioned :
* import this
* help()
* help> modules
* help> topics
* help> http
* dir(imported_module)
* type(var...)
I hope these tips will help you explore Python 3 further and at the same time having some fun.
There are, of course various free resources online,
for example this one https://www.tutorialspoint.com/python3/index.htm .
Have fun learning,
Antonio Feijao